Overview of Various Basic Electronic Components

Overview of Various Basic Electronic Components

Numerous electronic components are used for manufacturing different electronic circuits. There are many components which act as the backbone of the electronics industry, without them, no circuit can be completed. For example- integrated circuits or PCB. The electronic components can be categorized into two sections. In this blog, we have discussed the brief summary of the components.

The basic categories of the electronics components-
1) Active Components
2) Passive Components

1) Passive Electronic Components- There are many components which come under the passive components. Basically, passive components are those which can store energy either in the form of voltage or current. Some important passive components are-

• Resistors- It is a two-terminal passive component which is used to block the current. They work on the principle of Ohm's law. Resistors have its resistance and it is measured in ohms so the units of the resistance in ohms. Resistors can be further divided into two parts: fixed resistors and variable resistors.
• Capacitors- It is another very important electronic component used in almost every electronic device. An electronic circuit is incomplete without the capacitor. It stores energy in the form of the electric field. The capacitor blocks the direct current and allows the AC signal. 
• Inductors- This is another passive component of the electronic world. It is also known as AC resistor which stores electrical energy in the form of magnetic energy. It is used in various electrical circuits and other energy producing devices.

Some other passive electronic components include different types of motors, memristors,  antennas, sensors, etc. It is another vast topic that includes numerous other components.

Active Electronic Components- Active components depend on the source of energy and regulate the flow of electrons which flow through it. Some of these components are semiconductors like integrated circuits, diodes, transistors, displays such as- LED, LCD, CRTs, and power sources like batteries, PV cells and other AC and DC supply sources.

• Diodes- Diodes are the elements that allow the flow of current in one direction. They are manufactured from the semiconductor material. It is also a two terminal component which has anode and cathode terminals. It is used in the devices which are used to convert the AC  to DC circuits. Different types of diodes are- Zener diodes, photodiodes,  PN diodes, and LEDs.
• Integrated Circuits- Often known as ICs. They are generally fabricated with the hundreds to thousands of diodes, resistors, transistors, and other components on a tiny silicon chip. They are the backbone of this growing technology and innovation, such as- smartphones, laptops, watches and other electronic components. Some of the commonly used ICs are- timers, Op-amps, switches ICs, comparators, and many more.